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Reference · 30 entries

Peptide & analytical chemistry, one paragraph at a time.

Authoritative one-paragraph definitions for the terminology used across IGF1 Shop product pages, COAs and method documentation. Each entry cross-referenced to Wikipedia and Wikidata so AI engines and search engines can anchor IGF1 Shop terms against the global knowledge graph.

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30Defined terms

6Categories

22Wikipedia cross-refs

11Languages

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Grouped by category. Click a chip to scroll to the definition; every entry includes Wikipedia / Wikidata cross-references where applicable.

Compounds · 14

Analytical methods · 5

Quality & accreditation · 3

Pharmacology · 4

Handling & storage · 3

Chemistry · 1

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Definitions, in alphabetical order.

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BPC-157 Also: Body Protection Compound 157 · BPC157: Body Protection Compound-157 — a 15-amino-acid pentadecapeptide derived from a human gastric-juice protein, with documented angiogenic, tendon-healing and gut-mucosal-protective activity in rodent models. Most-cited research peptide of 2020–2026 for soft-tissue repair.
Bacteriostatic Water Also: Bac water · BAC-water: Sterile water for injection containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol as a bacteriostatic preservative, allowing multi-dose use of reconstituted peptides for up to 28 days at +4 °C.
Bioavailability Also: Systemic bioavailability: The fraction of an administered dose that reaches systemic circulation in unchanged form. Subcutaneous peptides typically achieve 70-90% bioavailability; oral bioavailability is generally <2% due to gastric proteolysis.
CJC-1295 Also: CJC1295 · CJC-1295 DAC: A 30-amino-acid GHRH analogue with four amino-acid substitutions (DAC variant adds a maleimide-DAC moiety extending half-life to ~6-8 days). Studied for sustained-release growth-hormone-axis modulation.
Certificate of Analysis Also: COA · Certificate of analysis: A document, attached to each lot, that records the analytical results required for release: HPLC chromatogram and area-percent purity, ESI-MS molecular-weight match, LAL endotoxin result, batch number, release date, and storage profile. The IGF1 Shop COA additionally lists the testing laboratory's accreditation reference.
DSIP Also: Delta sleep-inducing peptide: Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide — a 9-residue peptide isolated from rabbit cerebral venous blood during induced sleep, studied in sleep-architecture and stress-response models.
ESI-MS Also: Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry · ESI mass spectrometry: Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry — an ionization technique that converts dissolved peptides into gas-phase ions for mass measurement, confirming molecular weight to within ±1 Da of the theoretical value. Required on every IGF1 Shop lot to detect truncations, deletions and oxidation invisible to HPLC.
Endotoxin Also: Lipopolysaccharide · LPS · Bacterial endotoxin: A lipopolysaccharide (LPS) component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, pyrogenic in mammals and capable of distorting cell-culture assays at very low concentrations. Measured in Endotoxin Units per milligram (EU/mg).
GHK-Cu Also: Copper peptide GHK · GHK copper: Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine copper-peptide complex — a tripeptide chelated to copper(II) with documented gene-modulating activity across 4 192 human genes (Pickart 2008 microarray). Used in skin-aging and wound-repair research.
GLP-1 Also: Glucagon-like peptide 1: Glucagon-like peptide-1 — a 30-residue incretin hormone secreted by L-cells of the distal intestine in response to nutrient ingestion, stimulating insulin secretion and suppressing appetite. Therapeutic target for type-2 diabetes and obesity.
GMP Also: Good Manufacturing Practice · cGMP · ICH Q7: Good Manufacturing Practice — a system of quality assurance covering manufacturing processes, facilities and personnel, formalised internationally as ICH Q7 (active substances) and Q10 (pharmaceutical quality systems). IGF1 Shop synthesis partners follow ICH Q7-aligned procedures.
HPLC Also: High-performance liquid chromatography · HPLC analysis: High-Performance Liquid Chromatography — an analytical technique that separates compounds in a liquid mixture by pumping them through a column packed with a stationary phase. The IGF1 Shop release method uses a C18 reverse-phase column with UV detection at 220 nm, reporting purity as area-percent against a reference standard.
Half-life Also: Plasma half-life · Elimination half-life: The time required for the plasma concentration of a compound to fall by half after administration. For peptides, dictated by proteolytic clearance, renal filtration, and binding-protein affinity. Critical determinant of dosing frequency in research protocols.
IGF-1 Also: Insulin-like growth factor 1 · Somatomedin C: Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 — a 70-amino-acid peptide hormone with sequence and structural homology to insulin, secreted by the liver under growth-hormone stimulation. The principal mediator of growth-hormone's anabolic effects. Native serum half-life ~10 minutes; IGFBP-bound complex half-life ~12 hours.
IGF-1 LR3 Also: Long R3 IGF-1 · IGF-I LR3: Long Arg3 IGF-1 — a recombinant analogue of IGF-1 with an Arginine substitution at position 3 plus a 13-residue N-terminal extension. The substitution reduces affinity for IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) by ~5×, extending serum half-life from ~10 minutes (native) to ~20 hours (LR3).
IGFBP Also: Insulin-like growth factor binding protein · IGF-binding protein: Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein — a family of six high-affinity binding proteins (IGFBP-1 to IGFBP-6) that sequester circulating IGF-1 and IGF-2, regulating their bioavailability. IGFBP-3 carries roughly 75% of circulating IGF-1.
ISO/IEC 17025 Also: ISO 17025 · ISO/IEC 17025:2017: International standard specifying the general requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories. ISO 17025 accreditation requires documented method validation, measurement uncertainty quantification, and external proficiency-testing participation. The IGF1 Shop COA carries the lot result of an ISO 17025-accredited contract laboratory.
Ipamorelin Also: Ipamorelin: A pentapeptide selective ghrelin/GHS-R1a agonist that stimulates pulsatile growth-hormone release without elevating cortisol or prolactin. Cleanest selectivity profile among ghrelin mimetics.
LAL Assay Also: Limulus Amebocyte Lysate · Endotoxin assay: Limulus Amebocyte Lysate assay — the pharmacopoeial method for detecting bacterial endotoxin in injectables, using clotting factors from horseshoe crab amebocytes. IGF1 Shop releases lots only after kinetic chromogenic LAL returns below 0.5 EU/mg, ten times below USP/EP limits.
Lyophilization Also: Freeze-drying: Freeze-drying — a low-temperature dehydration process that removes water by sublimation under vacuum, leaving a porous solid (the "cake"). Lyophilized peptides are stable for months at room temperature and indefinitely at −20 °C.
Lyophilized cake Also: Lyo cake · Freeze-dried cake: The dry porous solid that remains after freeze-drying a peptide solution under vacuum. An intact cake (uniform, white, no collapse, no crystals) confirms the lyophilization cycle ran correctly and the vacuum seal held in shipping.
MOTS-c Also: MOTSc: Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA Type-c — a 16-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded within the 12S rRNA gene. Activates AMPK and folate-cycle genes, mimicking the metabolic effects of caloric restriction.
Melanotan II Also: MT-2 · MT2 · Melanotan-II: A 7-residue cyclic synthetic alpha-MSH analogue activating MC1R/MC3R/MC4R/MC5R. Drives melanogenesis (pigmentation) via MC1R and pro-erectile responses via MC4R.
Pentapeptide Also: 5-mer peptide: A peptide composed of five amino acids linked by peptide bonds. Examples in this catalog: Ipamorelin, BPC-157 (pentadecapeptide derivatives).
Retatrutide Also: LY3437943 · 3-GLP: A 39-amino-acid synthetic triagonist peptide co-activating GLP-1, GIP and glucagon receptors, in Phase 3 obesity trials. The Phase 2 trial (Jastreboff et al., NEJM 2023) reported 24.2% mean placebo-adjusted weight loss at 48 weeks, the largest observed for any incretin to date.
Reverse-phase HPLC Also: RP-HPLC: Reverse-phase HPLC uses a non-polar stationary phase (typically C18 silica) with a polar mobile phase, eluting compounds in order of increasing hydrophobicity. The standard method for synthetic-peptide purity determination, capable of resolving sequence variants and oxidation byproducts.
Selank Also: Selank: A 7-amino-acid synthetic Tuftsin analogue with anxiolytic and immunomodulatory activity in rodent models. Developed at the Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences.
Semax Also: Semax · Semaxum: A 7-amino-acid synthetic ACTH(4-7) analogue developed at the Russian Academy of Sciences. Increases hippocampal BDNF expression without ACTH steroidogenic activity. Listed on the Russian Vital and Essential Drugs registry for stroke recovery.
TB-500 Also: Thymosin Beta-4 fragment · TB500: A synthetic 17-amino-acid fragment (residues 17-23) of native Thymosin Beta-4, containing the LKKTET actin-binding motif responsible for the parent protein's cell-migration activity. Studied in tissue-repair and equine-veterinary models.
Tesamorelin Also: TH9507 · Egrifta: A 44-amino-acid GHRH analogue with an N-terminal trans-3-hexenoyl modification for proteolytic stability. The only GHRH analogue with FDA approval (HIV-associated lipodystrophy, 2010), reducing visceral adipose tissue by ~18% at 26 weeks.